What can be the consequence of your passenger (pillion passenger) on the motorbike not wearing conspicuous clothing?

In German traffic rules, it is important for motorbike passengers to wear conspicuous clothing because it helps other road users see them more easily. When a passenger wears dull or dark clothing, it becomes harder for drivers behind the motorbike to recognize the presence of a passenger, which can increase the risk of accidents. The key point is that the passenger becomes less visible to the traffic following the motorbike. This is why option 1 is correct. The focus is on the visibility to vehicles behind, not those ahead or oncoming, because drivers approaching from the front will see the motorbike as a whole, and oncoming traffic sees the front, not the passenger separately. Visibility and recognition in traffic are crucial for safety, so wearing bright or reflective clothing helps reduce accident risks.