What can cause damage to an engine's cooling system in winter?

In winter, an engine's cooling system can be damaged primarily due to insufficient frost protection. This means that if the coolant does not contain enough antifreeze, it can freeze, causing significant damage to the engine and cooling system.

Additionally, not exchanging the coolant at least twice a year can lead to a buildup of contaminants that could impair the system's performance and increase the risk of damage.

It is important to understand that while closed systems do require less frequent servicing, they still need maintenance to ensure the coolant remains effective and to prevent possible issues related to low antifreeze levels. This is essential according to German traffic regulations, which emphasize the importance of regular vehicle maintenance for safety and functionality.