If you do not regularly exchange the air filter, what effects does this have on the engine?

The selected combination is correct because failing to regularly exchange the air filter can lead to several negative effects on the engine.

Firstly, an increased percentage of harmful substances in the exhaust gases occurs because a clogged air filter restricts airflow to the engine, resulting in incomplete combustion. This contributes to higher emissions, which is relevant to environmental regulations in Germany that aim to limit pollution levels from vehicles.

Secondly, fuel consumption increases since the engine must work harder to pull in the air it needs, which leads to higher fuel usage. This is significant as German traffic laws encourage fuel-efficient driving and vehicles.

Lastly, engine power can decrease due to insufficient air reaching the combustion chamber, leading to less efficient engine performance. German regulations necessitate that vehicles maintain certain power and emissions standards for safety and environmental reasons.

Understanding and maintaining these components directly impacts vehicle performance and compliance with regulations, emphasizing the importance of regular maintenance.