Why are short journeys performed with a cold engine especially damaging to the environment?

Short journeys with a cold engine are particularly harmful to the environment for a couple of reasons. Firstly, when an engine is cold, it operates less efficiently, leading to increased fuel consumption. This is because the fuel doesn't vaporize properly, resulting in incomplete combustion and higher emissions of harmful pollutants.

Secondly, a cold engine experiences greater material wear. This is due to the lack of adequate lubrication when the oil hasn't yet reached its optimal operating temperature, which can lead to increased friction and accelerated wear of engine components.

It's important to consider both factors when assessing the environmental impact of driving, as they both contribute to higher emissions and more rapid deterioration of the vehicle, aligning with German traffic regulations that aim for lower emissions and environmentally friendly practices. Selecting all relevant options is crucial because it provides a comprehensive understanding of the issues at hand.